Hydroxylamine (HYX) is a vital class of reducing chemical compound, which is generally used as an industrial raw material in pharmaceutical reaction processes. The key concern is drug protection because if repeated exposure to GIT compounds that can damage DNA by alkylation leads to a mutation on genetic codes such impurities can react with mutation-causing DNA bases and have toxic effects such as genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. As per the Regulatory guidelines, Genotoxic impurities should be controlled to limits permitted by the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) the value was estimated to be 1.5 µg/day intake. Several methods have been reported to detect and quantify hydroxylamine most of which use a derivatization approach coupled with analytical techniques like HPLC, GC, UV-Vis Spectroscopy. In the HPLC method derivatizing agent was used to detect easily by UV detector and also the method is sensitive as its LOD was low. In the GC method with ECD most sensitive method was developed with LOD of 1.4ppb. In Spectrophotometric methods, a common problem that occurs is the loss of nitrite by using iodine solution to control this problem by using sodium arsenate and bromobenzene instead of iodine, but they are simple when compared with above two methods. To detect HYX in waste stream Ion chromatography method was developed which is more sensitive to detect trace quantities of hydroxylamine. LC-MS method is the best method, which is very sensitive to detect LOD of HYX up to 0.008ppm.
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